Neocortical layer 4 in adult mouse differs in major cell types and circuit organization between primary sensory areas
- Using whole-cell recordings with morphological recovery, we identified one major excitatory and seven inhibitory types of neurons in L4 of adult mouse visual cortex (V1).
- Nearly all excitatory neurons were pyramidal and almost all Somatostatin-positive (SOM+) neurons were Martinotti cells.
- In contrast, in somatosensory cortex (S1), excitatory cells were mostly stellate and SOM+ cells were non-Martinotti.
- These morphologically distinct SOM+ interneurons correspond to different transcriptomic cell types and are differentially integrated into the local circuit with only S1 cells receiving local excitatory input.
- Our results challenge the classical view of a canonical microcircuit repeated through the neocortex.
- Instead we propose that cell-type specific circuit motifs, such as the Martinotti/pyramidal pair, are optionally used across the cortex as building blocks to assemble cortical circuits.
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- Note preponderance of axons.
- Classifications:
- Pyr pyramidal cells
- BC Basket cells
- MC Martinotti cells
- BPC bipolar cells
- NFC neurogliaform cells
- SC shrub cells
- DBC double bouquet cells
- HEC horizontally elongated cells.
- Using Patch-seq
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