PMID-5683678[0] Intracerebral radio stimulation and recording in completely free patients.
- images/978_1.pdf
- See: The cordoba bull ranch experiment (youtube).
- "This paper reports instrumentation used and clinical application in four patients with psychomotor epilepsy in whom electrodes had been implanted in the temporal lobes. To our knowledge, this is the first clinical use of intracerebral radio stimulation and recording in man. "
- Electrode: 1.2mm plastic stylus, 15 stainless steel 3mm wide contacts attached at 3mm intervals.
- Implanted in the anterior medial amygdala.
- The receiver-stimulator which is carried by the subject, measures 3.7cm x 3.0cm x 1.4cm, and weighs 20g. The solid-state circuitry is encapsulated in epoxy resin which provides it with very good mechanical strength and makes it waterproof. Space for the 7-volt Mercury battery is included in the size mentioned above.
- 3 channels stim, individual pulse intensity, same pulse duration and repetition for all 3 channels.
- Operating range 100ft.
- max current 2uA.
- 216Mhz IRIG EEG transimtter, FM modulated.
- The size of the three-channel unit, including the battery, is 4.5cm x 4.5cm x 1.5cm, and it weighs 50g.
- Input-referred noise: 5uV.
- Remarkable: one cerebral contact could be shared by recording and stimulating units. (2MOhm input impedance in the EEG amps)
- Radio stimulation of different points in the amygdala and hippocampus in the four patients produced a variety of effects including pleasant sensations, elation, deep, thoughtful, concentration, odd feelings , super relaxation, colored visions, and other responses.
- Extensive information has been published about different systems for radio telemetry in biological studies (Barwick & Fullagar, 1967; Caceres, 1965; Geddes, 1962; Slater, 1963). The disparity between the large number of technical papers and the few reports of results indicates the existence of methodological problems.
- Recall that cardiac pacemakers were by this time in common use.
____References____
[0] Delgado JM, Mark V, Sweet W, Ervin F, Weiss G, Bach-Y-Rita G, Hagiwara R, Intracerebral radio stimulation and recording in completely free patients.J Nerv Ment Dis 147:4, 329-40 (1968 Oct) |
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